Rotation mechanism for percussive tools.



F. W. PARSONS.

RUTATION MECHANISM FOR PERCUSSIVE TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 22. I9I3.

Patented Sept. 12, 1916.

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APPLICATION FILED 11111.22. 1913.

l 1 98,266. Patented sept. 12, 1916.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK W. raasoNs, or ELE/naa, NEW YORK, A-ssieNoE To INGEEsoLL-EAND COMPANY, oE-'JEESEY CITY, NEW JERSEY; A coEPoE-ATION '0E NEW JEEsEY.

ROTATION MECHANISM FOR PERCUSSIVE TOOLS.

Specification of LettersrPatent.

Patented Sept. 12, 1916.

Application filed January 22, 1913. Serial No. 743,442.

To all 'Lo/0m t may concern .Bo it known that I, FREDERICK lV. PAR- soNs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Elmira, in the county of Chei'nung and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Rotation Mechanism for Percussive Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to percussive drills and more particularly to drills of this type wherein the rotation of the drill steel is effected by a fluid actuated piston. In drills of this type as generally constructed the rotation of the drill steel is effected by a rotatable chuck or sleeve in the forward part of the drill which is actuated through a ratchet ring or equivalent mechanism operated a fluid operated piston.

In the present invention the whole cylinder of the tool is rotated by mechanism situated in the head block of the drill, the object being to get the rotation mechanism as far as possible away from the front end of the drill andalso to enable a drill of ordinary non-rotating construction to be provided with rotating means by simply attaching a backhead and head block containing the necessary rotating mechanism.

With these objects in view I have devised a drill and rotating mechanism a practical embodiment of which is shown in the accompanying drawing in which- Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the whole drill and Figs. 2, 3 and t sections on the lines II-II, III-III and IV-IV of Fig. 1.

The drill mechanism as shown comprises a drill shown as of the valveless type comprising a cylinder 1 in which reciprocates a piston 2 which actuates by its impact a drill steel 3 through the anvil block 4. The construction of the drill itself forms no part of the present invention. To the rear end of the cylinder 1 is bolted a backhead 5 which is extended into a cylindrical shank 6 which is mounted for rotation in a bearing in a head block 7 divided longitudinally into two parts secured together by bolts 8. The middle portion of the shank 6 is of larger diameter than the adjacent portions forming a flange 9 which bears on its rear face against a shoulder of the casing 7 and on its forward face against the thrust washer 10` set into an annular depression in the casing 7, the object of this flange being to prevent relative longitudinal movement between the drill and y,theA head block casing. Surrounding the flange 9 is a ratchet ring 11 whi'cli'engages the flange 9 to move it in one direction through the agency ofv frictional bar pawls 12 set in wedge shaped depressions 13 in the periphery of the flange 9. The ratchet ring 11 is provided with a lug 14: which pro- ]ects into a slot in a spool piston 15 which reciprocates in a cylinder 16 placed transversely of the head block casing. The recipi'ocation of the piston 15 is governed by a valve 17 the construction and operation of which will now be described. The valve 17 is of the spool type and reciprocates in a valve chest 18 placed parallel to and alongside of the cylinder 16, and is provided with two annular depressions 19 and 20 which alternately connect passages 21 and 22 leading from the valve chest 18 to the ends ofthe. 4

cylinder 16, with the inlet port 2 3 and the exhaust ports'21 and 25 which exhaust to the' air through ports 26 and 27 in the top of the valve chest.' From the end of the valve cylinder 18 exhaust ports 28 and 29 lead Lto the cylinder 16 and are alternately connected by depressions 30 and 31 with a valve exhaust 32. From the inlet port 23 small leak ports 33 and 34 lead to the ends of the valve cylinder 18, air is supplied to the valve through the inlet passage 35 while the drill is supplied through a passage 36 extending longitudinally of the shank 6 of the drill. The head block casing is provided on one side with a plain handle 37 while on the opposite side it is provided with a handle 38 through which the air passes its flow being regulated by an ordintaigplug cock the handle of which is shown a I n operation, supposing the valve 17 to be in the position shown in the figures, air enters through the passage 35 and passes to the drill through the passage 36. It also passes through the valve inlet passage 23 and through the passage 22 to one end of the cylinder 16, the air in the other end of the cylinder 16 exhausting through passages 21 and 24 to the atmosphere. This forces the piston 15 to the right actuating the ratchet ring 11 which in turn grips the flange 9 on the shank 6 through the medium of the friction pawls 12 and rotates the drill cylinder through a small angle. When the piston 15 has moved sufficiently far to the right so that the depression 31 in its surface connects the passage 29 with the valve exhaust 32, the valve 1T will be moved to the left by reason of the compression generated in the opposite end of the valve cylinder by reason of the live fluid passing through the leak port 33, a comparatively slou7 movement of the valve 17 being thus effected. When the valve 17 has moved-to the left end of the valve cylinder, passage 21 will be connected to the inlet passage 23 and the other end of the cylinder 16 will be connected by the passage 22 with the exhaust 25 and the piston 15 will be reciprocated to the left carrying with it the ratchet ring Without moving the drill cylinder as the paivls 12 are disengaged from frictional engagement with shank G when the ratchet ring is moved in this direction. lVhen the piston 15 reaches the end of its movement to the left the valve 1T Will be moved to its original position and the same cycle of operations will be repeated.

It is to be understood that the present showing and description discloses only one specified modiiication of my invention and other forms and modifications are included in the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the claims.

lVhat I claim is:

1. In a percussive tool, a head block casing, a tool cylinder having a shank revolubly mounted in said head block, said shank having a fluid inlet to said tool therethrough, a fluid actuated piston operatively connected with said shank to rota-te said cylinder and a Huid inlet for conveying actuating fluid to said tool 'inlet through said shank and to said piston.

2. In a pereussive drill, a longitudinally divided head block casing having a cylindrical bearing therein, a drill cylinder a rear cylinder head having an integral shank rotatably ymounted in said bearing, said shank having a portionof greaterdiameter than said bearing to hold said drill cylinder and head block from relative longitudinal movement, and means in said head block for rotating said drill cylinder.

ln a percussive drill, a longitudinally divided head block casing having a cylindrical bearing therein and an annular ratchet ring chamber of larger diameter than said bearing, a drill cylinder` a rear cylinder head for said cylinder having an integral shank in said bearing, said shank having a portion of larger diameter fitting in said ratchet ring chamber, said larger portion serving to hold said shank from longitudinal movement, a ratchet ring engaging said larger portion of said shank and means to actuate said ratchet ring to rotate said drill cylinder.

FREDERICK lV. PARSONS.

Witnesses:

FRED T. OVERTON, ALICE C. BRoRsTnoM.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by Vaddressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

